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India's Digital Public Infrastructure: G20 Legacy

· 1 min read

Context

India's Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) stack has emerged as a global model for digital governance. The DPI framework — comprising Aadhaar (identity), UPI (payments), and DigiLocker (documents) — was showcased as India's signature contribution during its G20 presidency.

Key Facts

  • UPI Transactions: Over 10 billion monthly transactions as of 2024
  • Aadhaar Coverage: 1.38 billion unique IDs issued
  • DigiLocker: 150+ million registered users
  • India Stack: Open-source architecture adopted by 15+ countries

    • Constitutional & Legal Framework

  • Article 21: Right to privacy considerations (Puttaswamy judgment, 2017)
  • IT Act, 2000: Legal framework for digital transactions
  • Aadhaar Act, 2016: Statutory backing for biometric identification

    • Exam Relevance

    This topic is crucial for UPSC GS Paper II (Governance) and GS Paper III (Economy). Questions on digital governance, financial inclusion, and India's global leadership in technology are increasingly common.

    DPI G20 UPI Aadhaar digital governance UPSC

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